Description
The Soviet–Afghan War lasted from 1979 to 1989 and became a costly conflict for the Soviet Union. Soviet forces struggled against Afghan resistance fighters who used guerrilla tactics, difficult mountain terrain, and outside support, including weapons such as Stinger missiles. Despite controlling major cities and conducting large offensives, the Soviets failed to eliminate the resistance or secure a lasting political settlement. The USSR eventually withdrew its forces in February 1989, leaving the Afghan government to fight on alone. The war damaged Soviet prestige and added to the wider economic and political pressures facing the USSR before its collapse in 1991.
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